Oil burner



T. A. BIG-GS Aug. 24 1926.

OIL BURNER Filed August 10. 1925 Patented Aug. 24, 1926.

THOMAS A. BIGGS, OF SIOUX CITY, IOVIA.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed August 10, 1925. Serial No. 49,165.

My invention relates to an oil burner of the type in which oil is led into a bowl surrounded by an air base, from which an air flue is designed to project a current of air downwardly upon the bowl, whereby to effect combustion of the oil in the bowl at the surface thereof. 7

My invention is directed'to the providing of an improved airsdelivery apparatus for preheating the air prior to discharge 'over the bowl. 7

A further object of my invention is to provide novel means for producing a spreading flame wherein the air is allowed to pass upwardly through a space between the oilretaining bowl and a base surrounding the same, and spread outwardly by a flange formed on the periphery of the said bowl.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of my device, whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully set forth, pointed out in my claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which: i

Fig. 1 is a central vertical sectional view through the oil burner.

Fig. 2 is a plan View of the base, and

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view through the oil-retaining bowl, taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1.

I have used the reference character to indicate a generally cylindrical base, which is open at top and bottom and provided at its sides with integral air channels, 11, terminating in conical sockets, 12. The air channels, 11, are in communication with the interior of the base, 10, as shown in Fig. 1, and the sockets, 12, are spaced from the sides of the base.

Air flues, 13, having lower conical ends, lt, received in the sockets, 12, extend upwardly from the base.

An air dome is formed of a bottom wall,

15, having the open conical sockets,

formed near its outer edge and diametrically opposite. The sockets, 15*, are positioned to receive the upper conical ends, 15", of the air flues, 13.

The bottom wall, 15, has an annular shouldered flange, 16, upon which rests the upper portion of the dome, which is drumshaped and comprises a side wall, 17, and top wall, 18. At its lower edge the side wall, 17, has an enlarged circular flange, 19, which receives the flange, 16, so as to form as nearly an air-tight joint as possible.

Formed integrally with the bottom wall, 15, is a central sleeve, 20, which extends above and below the bottom wall and provides a discharge opening for air from within the dome.

A flat circular plate or ring, 21, is formed integrally with the sleeve, 20, and extends to within a short distance of theside wall, 17. The plate, 21 is spaced above and closely adjacent the upper end of the air flues, 13.

A ring, 22, may be used in the lower end of the sleeve, 20, to limit the discharge opening, if desired.

I provide an oil-retaining bowl, 23, having at its upper edge an outwardly-extending flange, 24, adapted to rest upon the upper edge of the base, 10, and to be spaced therefrom by means of shims, 25. (See Fig. 3.)

An oil feed nozzle pipe, 26, is threaded at its lower end into the base of the bowl, 23, and secured by means of a nut, 27, and a nipple, 28, threaded onto the pipe on either side of the base. Into the nipple, 28, is threaded the upper end of an oil feed pipe, 29.

A cage or sleeve, 30, which is closed at its upper end by means of a. plate, 31, surrounds the nozzle, 26. A slot, 32, allows escape of oil from the sleeve, 30, the upper end of the slot, 32, being positioned belowthe upper end of, the nozzle, 26, as shown.

The plate, 31, extends beyond the sleeve, 30, and is spaced closely adjacent the side walls'of the bowl,'23, so as to cause oil escaping through the slots, 32, to spread around the bowl and issue upwardly near the periphery thereof.

The bowl is filled with gravel, 33, which retains the oil and which forms an upper surface against which the current of air from the sleeve, 20, forms a spreading flame. The upper surface of the gravel is slightly dished as shown in order to aid in the production of a perfect flame.

The bowl is designed to be placed upon the grates of a furnace in the ordinary manner known to such burners, and packed with cement or the like so as to exclude air around the exterior of the base. Air then enters the base through the grates and travels upward- 1y, as indicated by the arrows, 34 and 35, through the air flues, 13, and the space between the flange, 24, and base, respectively.

The air, upon entering the air dome, will find it impossible to escape directly upwardinto the dome at the immediate vicinity the air flue, due to the small space between the plate, 21, and the side, 17. it will therefore have to spread around in the space below the plate, 21, so as to issue in a line sheet entirely surroundingthe edges 01 the plate, 21, as indicated by the arrows, 36.

'Qiheouter wall ot thedome, being heated by the flame, will cause the air which is spread into a tine sheet to be quickly and'evenly heated before being discharged through the sleeve, 20.

iilhe'eilge of the bottom wall, 15 is provided with a vertically-extending annular which serves to retain moisture which may be tapped into the air dome through a water pipe, 3-8. Such moisture will be converted into steam below the plate, 21, and will be intimately mixed with the rising current of air passing around the edge of the plate, 21, so as to produce a perfect combustion when the mixture is discharged against the oil-retaining bowl.

As nearly perfect combustion as possible is produced by discharging a current of air both above and below the issuing ring of oil, which is quickly converted into vapor by the heated condition of the gravel, 33, and the surrounding parts.

Some'changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of the parts of my invention without departingfrom the real spirit and purpose of my invention, and it is my intention to cover by my claims any modified forms of structure or use of ii chanical equivalents which may be reasonably included within their scope.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an oil burner, a hollow base, upwardly extending air flues communicating with saidbase at the sides thereof, an oilretaining bowl supported in the center of said base, an enclosed air dome supported it the upper ends of said air flues and com- ,nunicating therewith, said air dome having a discharge opening in its lower wall, a leere surrounding said opening and ex tending upwardly within the dome, and a plate encircling said sleeve and extending over the upper ends of the air fines and spaced from the side wall of the air dome, said plate being arranged to spread the air issuing fromthe air flues around the circumference oi"- the dome.

2. In an oil burner, an oil-retaining bowl, a base surrounding and supporting said bowl, an air flue extending upwardly from said base, an air dome communicating with the upper end of said airiiue, said air dome having top, bottom and side walls, and having a discharge opening in its bottom wall, and means "for causing the air-entering the dome from the air flue to spread around the periphery thereo't before reaching the dis charge opening.

3. In an oil burner, an oilreta'in-ing bowl, a base surrounding and supporting said bowl, an air flue extending upwardly from said base, an air dome communicating with the upper end of said air flue, said air dome comprising a bottom wall having a discharge opening, and having a conical sleeve, the end of the air flue being conical to fit said sleeve, am. an integral drum-shaped cover supported upon the bottom wall at its periphery.

t. In an oil burner, an oil-retaining bowl, has: surrounding and supporting said bowl, a air flue extending upwardly from said base, an air dome communicating wit the upper end of said air flue, said air dome com "'sing a bottom wall having a dischar e opening, and having a sleeve, the end of the air flue being adapted to fit said sleeve, and an integral drum-shaped cover supported upon the bottom wall at its periphery.

Signed at Sioux City, in the county of lVoodbury and State of Iowa, this 5 day of August, 1925.

THOMAS A. BIGGS 

